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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Perceived Stigma in Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Jessica P Naftaly1,2, Estée C H Feldman3, Rachel N Greenley4

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Floor 3, Reception D, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. jnaftaly@med.umich.edu.

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings
|December 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) experience significant perceived stigma (PS), impacting their health. Addressing PS through provider screening and psychologists can improve outcomes for AIH patients.

Keywords:
Autoimmune hepatitisDisease impact and burdenPrimary biliary cholangitisPsychosocialStigma

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Perceived stigma (PS) negatively affects psychosocial and disease outcomes in chronic liver diseases (CLD).
  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients may face PS due to misconceptions about disease origin.
  • Understanding PS prevalence and correlates in AIH is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of PS in patients diagnosed with AIH.
  • To compare PS rates between AIH, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and general CLD populations.
  • To identify demographic factors associated with PS in AIH patients.

Main Methods:

  • Online questionnaires were administered to 262 adult AIH patients (95% female, mean age 51.53 years).
  • Data collected included demographics, disease information, and perceived stigma levels.
  • Statistical analyses examined PS frequency, comparative rates, and demographic correlations.

Main Results:

  • 54-68% of AIH patients reported experiencing PS, often involving selective disclosure, non-disclosure, or hiding their diagnosis.
  • PS rates were higher in AIH patients compared to PBC patients.
  • PS was less prevalent in AIH patients than in patients with various other CLDs. Age showed an inverse relationship with PS.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of AIH patients experience PS, necessitating targeted interventions.
  • Provider screening for PS and the integration of clinical health psychologists are recommended for AIH patient support.
  • These interventions can help identify and manage PS, potentially improving psychosocial and disease outcomes.