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Mechanisms of pathogenicity for the emerging fungus Candida auris
Mark V Horton1,2, Ashley M Holt1,2, Jeniel E Nett1,2
1Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Abstract:
Candida auris recently emerged as an urgent public health threat, causing outbreaks of invasive infections in healthcare settings throughout the world. This fungal pathogen persists on the skin of patients and on abiotic surfaces despite antiseptic and decolonization attempts. The heightened capacity for skin colonization and environmental persistence promotes rapid nosocomial spread. Following skin colonization, C. auris can gain entrance to the bloodstream and deeper tissues, often through a wound or an inserted medical device, such as a catheter. C. auris possesses a variety of virulence traits, including the capacity for biofilm formation, production of adhesins and proteases, and evasion of innate immune responses. In this review, we highlight the interactions of C. auris with the host, emphasizing the intersection of laboratory studies and clinical observations.
Insights
Candida auris is a dangerous fungus causing global health threats. It persists on skin and surfaces, leading to invasive infections, especially in healthcare settings.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Candida auris is an emerging global health threat causing invasive infections.
- This fungus colonizes skin and persists on surfaces, facilitating nosocomial spread.
- C. auris can enter the bloodstream and tissues via wounds or medical devices.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the host interactions of Candida auris.
- To highlight the convergence of laboratory findings and clinical observations regarding C. auris infections.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing laboratory studies and clinical data.
- Analysis of Candida auris virulence factors and host immune evasion strategies.
Main Results:
- Candida auris demonstrates significant skin colonization and environmental persistence.
- Virulence factors include biofilm formation, adhesins, proteases, and immune evasion.
- Invasive infections occur through breaches in skin integrity or medical devices.
Conclusions:
- Candida auris poses a significant challenge due to its persistence and virulence.
- Understanding host-pathogen interactions is crucial for managing C. auris outbreaks.
- Integrated laboratory and clinical research is essential for effective control strategies.
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