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The Soil Ecosystem02:23

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Separation and Identification of Conventional Microplastics from Farmland Soils
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Polyethylene microplastics alter soil microbial community assembly and ecosystem multifunctionality.

Ziqiang Liu1, Jiahao Wen1, Zhenxiu Liu1

  • 1Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.

Environment International
|December 21, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microplastics (MPs) in soil impact microbial communities and ecosystem functions. While low concentrations (1%) can improve multifunctionality, high concentrations (5%) impair soil health and reduce overall ecosystem benefits.

Keywords:
Carbon cyclingMicrobial community assemblyMicroplasticsNitrogen cyclingPhosphorus cyclingSoil multifunctionality

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Microplastic (MP) pollution is a growing global concern in terrestrial ecosystems.
  • The effects of MPs on soil microbial community assembly and ecosystem multifunctionality are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of polyethylene MPs (PE MPs) on soil functions, microbial communities, and ecosystem multifunctionality in a maize-soil system.
  • To determine the dose-dependent effects of PE MPs on plant production, soil quality, enzyme activities, and microbial community assembly.

Main Methods:

  • A mesocosm experiment was conducted using varying concentrations of PE MPs (0%, 1%, and 5% w/w).
  • Evaluated plant biomass, soil physicochemical properties (water, pH, C, P), enzyme activities (C, N, P cycling), microbial community diversity and assembly, and ecosystem multifunctionality.

Main Results:

  • PE MPs had negligible effects on plant biomass but altered soil properties, with 5% PE MPs decreasing soil water and P availability while increasing pH and C storage.
  • Enzyme activities varied, with some C-cycling enzymes promoted at 1% PE MPs and inhibited at 5%, while N-cycling enzymes were reduced and P-cycling enzymes enhanced at 5% PE MPs.
  • 5% PE MPs shifted microbial community composition, increased specialist species, enhanced stability and resistance, and altered community assembly by reducing dispersal limitation.

Conclusions:

  • PE MPs significantly alter soil microbial community assembly and ecosystem multifunctionality in a concentration-dependent manner.
  • Low PE MP concentrations (1%) improved ecosystem multifunctionality, whereas high concentrations (5%) reduced it.
  • Controlling soil MP pollution is crucial for sustainable agriculture, with enzyme activities and soil ammonium-N content being key indicators of multifunctionality.