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Retronychia in children: A case series.

María Sol Díaz1, Paula Boggio1, Roberta Calvano1

  • 1Pediatric Dermatology Section, Pediatric Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Pediatric Dermatology
|December 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Retronychia, a nail condition where the nail grows inward, is underdiagnosed in children. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for recovery, especially in pediatric cases.

Keywords:
childrenchronic paronychianailnail plateretronychia

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Nail Disorders
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Retronychia involves proximal nail plate ingrowth into the nail fold, often presenting as a yellowish, non-growing nail with overlapping plates.
  • This condition typically affects young adult females, with limited pediatric cases documented in medical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical and ultrasonographic features of retronychia in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight the underdiagnosis of pediatric retronychia and emphasize the need for early identification.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, observational study was conducted on pediatric patients (0-18 years) diagnosed with retronychia.
  • Data collection included clinical examinations and ultrasound findings between December 2020 and January 2022.

Main Results:

  • Nine pediatric cases of retronychia were identified, predominantly affecting hallux nails.
  • Clinical signs included thickened/opaque nails, yellowish discoloration, double nail plates, and proximal nail fold inflammation; ultrasound confirmed findings in most cases.

Conclusions:

  • Retronychia is frequently underdiagnosed in children, presenting similarly to adult cases.
  • Prompt recognition of pediatric retronychia is essential for timely and effective treatment, often requiring surgical intervention.