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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails01:05

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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Related Experiment Video

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Construction of a Realistic, Whole-Body, Three-Dimensional Equine Skeletal Model using Computed Tomography Data
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Accessory navicular in children.

Feng Xiang1, Zhi-Qing Liu1, Xi-Ping Zhang1

  • 1Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan Province, China.

World Journal of Clinical Cases
|December 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accessory navicular (AN) is a common foot variation causing pain and flatfoot in 10% of patients. Surgical intervention may be necessary when conservative treatments fail to alleviate symptoms related to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction.

Keywords:
Accessory navicularFlexible flatfootKidner procedurePosterior tibial tendonTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Foot and Ankle Surgery

Background:

  • Accessory navicular (AN) is a congenital anomaly involving an extra bone or cartilage near the navicular bone.
  • It affects the posterior tibial tendon's insertion, potentially leading to biomechanical issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology, clinical presentation, associated complications, and treatment strategies for accessory navicular.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on accessory navicular.
  • Synthesis of information regarding pathogenesis, clinical findings, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Accessory navicular occurs in 10% of individuals with symptomatic cases.
  • Commonly associated with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and flexible flatfoot in children.
  • Conservative management is often insufficient, with surgery frequently required.

Conclusions:

  • Accessory navicular is a significant cause of foot pain and dysfunction.
  • Understanding its varied presentations is crucial for effective management.
  • Surgical treatment remains a key option for refractory cases.