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Updated: Jul 7, 2025
Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants
Published on: August 5, 2021
Efficacy of a novel three-step decontamination protocol for titanium-based dental implants: An in vitro and in vivo
Raphael Cavalcante Costa1, Thais Terumi Sadamitsu Takeda1, Caroline Dini1
1Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate several mechanical and chemical decontamination methods associated with a newly introduced biofilm matrix disruption strategy for biofilm cleaning and preservation of implant surface features.
Materials And Methods:
Titanium (Ti) discs were obtained by additive manufacturing. Polymicrobial biofilm-covered Ti disc surfaces were decontaminated with mechanical [Ti curette, Teflon curette, Ti brush, water-air jet device, and Er:YAG laser] or chemical [iodopovidone (PVPI) 0.2% to disrupt the extracellular matrix, along with amoxicillin; minocycline; tetracycline; H2 O2 3%; chlorhexidine 0.2%; NaOCl 0.95%; hydrocarbon-oxo-borate-based antiseptic] protocols. The optimal in vitro mechanical/chemical protocol was then tested in combination using an in vivo biofilm model with intra-oral devices.
Results:
Er:YAG laser treatment displayed optimum surface cleaning by biofilm removal with minimal deleterious damage to the surface, smaller Ti release, good corrosion stability, and improved fibroblast readhesion. NaOCl 0.95% was the most promising agent to reduce in vitro and in vivo biofilms and was even more effective when associated with PVPI 0.2% as a pre-treatment to disrupt the biofilm matrix. The combination of Er:YAG laser followed by PVPI 0.2% plus NaOCl 0.95% promoted efficient decontamination of rough Ti surfaces by disrupting the biofilm matrix and killing remnants of in vivo biofilms formed in the mouth (the only protocol to lead to ~99% biofilm eradication).
Conclusion:
Er:YAG laser + PVPI 0.2% + NaOCl 0.95% can be a reliable decontamination protocol for Ti surfaces, eliminating microbial biofilms without damaging the implant surface.
