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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Related Experiment Video

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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Measuring the Autistic Women's Experience (AWE).

Yvonne Groen1, W Miro Ebert2, Francien M Dittner1

  • 1Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A new Dutch questionnaire, the Autistic Women's Experience (AWE), shows promise in capturing autistic women's experiences, complementing the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Both tools effectively identify autism across genders, with AWE offering unique insights into female autistic characteristics.

Keywords:
autismfactor analysisfemalescreeningsensory sensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is widely used but may not fully represent autistic women's experiences.
  • Previous research indicates attenuated gender differences on the AQ in autistic individuals, with no gender differences observed in autistic populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and psychometrically evaluate the Autistic Women's Experience (AWE) questionnaire.
  • To compare the psychometric properties of the AWE with the AQ in autistic and general population samples.
  • To investigate gender differences in autism assessment using both instruments.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the AWE questionnaire in Dutch, co-designed with autistic women.
  • Psychometric evaluation of the AWE (49 items) and AQ (50 items) in Dutch autistic individuals (N=153) and the general population (N=489).
  • Analysis of internal consistency, predictive validity, and gender differences for both questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • Both the AQ and AWE demonstrated excellent internal consistency and equal predictive validity for autism in men and women.
  • No overall gender differences were found on the AWE, unlike the AQ which showed a gender difference in non-autistic individuals.
  • Subtle gender differences were noted on AWE subscales, suggesting nuanced gender-specific experiences.

Conclusions:

  • The AQ is a valid measure for both genders, but the AWE offers valuable additional insights into the experiences of autistic women.
  • The AWE requires further validation, including testing for gender bias and confirmatory factor analysis in larger, independent samples.