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Pulsating Active Matter.

Yiwei Zhang1, Étienne Fodor1

  • 1Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Physical Review Letters
|December 22, 2023
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Summary
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Mechanical pulsation in synchronized particles generates deformation waves. This active particle model, inspired by biological tissues, shows complex patterns like spiral waves and turbulence due to competing forces.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Active matter systems exhibit complex dynamics.
  • Biological tissues show active deformation driven by cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate mechanical pulsation as a route for deformation wave propagation.
  • Explore pattern formation in active particle systems.
  • Develop a hydrodynamic description for pulsating particle assemblies.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling dense repulsive particles with periodic size changes.
  • Analyzing the competition between repulsion and synchronization.
  • Coarse-graining particle dynamics.
  • Comparing with reaction-diffusion systems.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical pulsation is a generic mechanism for deformation wave propagation.
  • Instabilities lead to diverse dynamical patterns, including spiral waves and defect turbulence.
  • Mechanisms for pattern emergence and transitions were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Active particle pulsation offers a novel route to wave propagation and pattern formation.
  • The system exhibits rich emergent dynamics analogous to reaction-diffusion systems.
  • A hydrodynamic framework can describe these active matter systems.