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Beyond the Metabolic Syndrome: Non-Obvious Complications of Obesity in Children

Agnieszka Kozioł-Kozakowska1,2, Dominika Januś3, Anna Stępniewska2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Cracow, Poland.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity presents significant health risks, including metabolic, liver, respiratory, and hormonal issues. Early identification of these complications is crucial for effective treatment and improved health outcomes in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing global public health crisis.
  • Obesity is increasingly linked to serious health complications in children.
  • Early diagnosis and understanding of complications are vital for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current literature on obesity-related complications in children.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying these complications.
  • To provide insights for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search conducted from January to September 2023.
  • Databases searched include PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, MEDLINE, and EBSCO.
  • Focused on English-language meta-analyses, systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies.

Main Results:

  • Identified four key areas of complications: glucose metabolism disorders, pediatric liver disease, respiratory issues, and effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and puberty.
  • Highlighted the increasing prevalence of serious obesity-related conditions in younger children.
  • Emphasized the need for understanding underlying mechanisms for better clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood obesity is associated with a wide spectrum of serious health issues.
  • Further research into mechanisms can improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
  • This review aims to increase awareness and inform clinical practice regarding pediatric obesity complications.

Keywords:
adolescentschildrenobesityobesity complications

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