Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

544
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
544
Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

803
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
803
Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

990
Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
990
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

2.7K
The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
2.7K
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

1.0K
Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
1.0K
Factors Affecting Respiration01:24

Factors Affecting Respiration

5.1K
Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
5.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cervical Dilation Classification from Electrohysterography and Clinical Features: A Machine-Learning-Derived Digital Biomarker.

Digital biomarkers·2026
Same author

Temporal Properties of Cardiorespiratory Coupling in Patients with Heart Failure During the Circadian Cycle.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Cardiorespiratory coupling tightens with workload during graded exercise: A pilot study with adolescent athletes.

Physiological reports·2026
Same author

Higher body-mass index modifies time-resolved maternal autonomic cardiac-uterine coupling during the first stage of human labour.

Experimental physiology·2026
Same author

Effect of heat exposure on pulse wave dynamics using pulse rate variability.

Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

Associations between body composition and autonomic cardiorespiratory modulation in young adults.

Physiological reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2025

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

10.9K

Bradycardia May Decrease Cardiorespiratory Coupling in Preterm Infants.

Miguel Ángel Porta-García1,2, Alberto Quiroz-Salazar2, Eric Alonso Abarca-Castro3

  • 1Center of Research and Innovation in Information Technology and Communication-INFOTEC, Mexico City 14050, Mexico.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bradycardia in preterm infants may reduce cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) complexity. This study found lower heart rate and breathing variability during bradycardic events, suggesting altered physiological dynamics in vulnerable infants.

Keywords:
apnea of prematuritybradycardiacardiorespiratory couplingelectrocardiograminformation theoryneonatal careneurodevelopmentrespiratory signal

More Related Videos

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
09:31

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

975
Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
06:27

Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates

Published on: December 31, 2015

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2025

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation
09:03

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

10.9K
Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
09:31

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

975
Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
06:27

Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates

Published on: December 31, 2015

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Cardiorespiratory dynamics
  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) function

Background:

  • Preterm infants exhibit immature autonomic and respiratory systems, increasing risks from bradycardia.
  • Bradycardia can lead to cardiorespiratory events, hypoxemia, and neurodevelopmental issues.
  • The impact of bradycardia on cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) in preterm infants is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) in preterm infants.
  • To investigate differences in CRC between bradycardic and non-bradycardic events.
  • To analyze the physiological complexity during bradycardia in preterm neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Preterm Infant Cardio-Respiratory Signals (PICS) database.
  • Analyzed interbeat (R-R) and inter-breath intervals (IBI) from 10 preterm infants.
  • Applied information theory measures to quantify time series irregularity and coupling.

Main Results:

  • Bradycardic (B) segments showed significantly lower R-R and IBI entropy than non-bradycardic (NB) segments.
  • Mutual information was higher in NB segments compared to B segments.
  • Findings suggest reduced complexity in cardiac and respiratory dynamics during bradycardia, potentially indicating weaker CRC.

Conclusions:

  • Bradycardia in preterm infants is associated with reduced physiological complexity and potentially weaker cardiorespiratory coupling.
  • Results highlight distinct physiological characteristics of preterm infants during bradycardic events.
  • Emerging non-invasive tools may offer new diagnostic potential for these conditions.