Behçet's disease in Iraqi patients.

Area of Science:

• Clinical Medicine
• Immunology
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder.
• Clinical manifestations and diagnostic markers require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To prospectively investigate the clinical characteristics of Behçet's disease in an Iraqi cohort.
• To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the pathergy test and HLA-B51 antigen.

Main Methods:

• Prospective study of 60 patients diagnosed with Behçet's disease.
• Clinical features, including mucocutaneous, ocular, articular, and systemic involvement, were documented.
• Pathergy test and HLA-B51 antigen testing were performed and compared with controls.

Main Results:

• High prevalence of oral ulceration (97%), genital ulceration (83%), and skin lesions (75%) observed.
• Ocular involvement and synovitis were present in 48% of patients.
• Pathergy test positivity was 71% (37/52), and HLA-B51 was present in 62% (32/52) of BD patients.
• HLA-B51 was significantly higher in BD patients (62%) compared to controls (29%).

Conclusions:

• Behçet's disease presents with characteristic mucocutaneous and systemic features in Iraq.
• The pathergy test and HLA-B51 antigen are valuable diagnostic markers for Behçet's disease.
• Increased physician awareness is crucial for early diagnosis and management of Behçet's disease.