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Nucleic Acid Aptamer-Based Biosensors: A Review
Beatriz Sequeira-Antunes1,2,3, Hugo Alexandre Ferreira1,2
1Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
Biomedicines
|December 23, 2023
Summary
Aptasensors, utilizing aptamers, offer superior alternatives to antibodies in biosensors for rapid point-of-care diagnostics. These advanced biosensors detect various disease biomarkers, significantly improving healthcare delivery.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Molecular Diagnostics
Background:
- Aptamers, DNA/RNA/peptide molecules, exhibit high specificity and affinity for target molecules.
- Aptasensors integrate aptamers into biosensor platforms for advanced diagnostics.
- Aptamers present advantages over traditional antibodies in biosensor applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advantages of aptamers over antibodies in biosensors.
- To explore aptamers for detecting biomarkers in infectious diseases, cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological disorders.
- To discuss binding assays, transducer techniques, and the current state of aptasensor diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of aptamer technology and biosensor applications.
- Analysis of aptamer selection and characterization methods.
- Examination of various aptasensor formats and detection principles.
Main Results:
- Aptamers offer enhanced specificity, stability, and ease of modification compared to antibodies.
- Aptasensors demonstrate significant potential for detecting a wide range of disease biomarkers.
- Diverse binding assays and transducer technologies facilitate aptasensor development.
Conclusions:
- Aptasensors represent a powerful tool for point-of-care diagnostics.
- These technologies hold immense potential for revolutionizing healthcare delivery through improved diagnostics.
- Continued research in aptasensor development promises further advancements in personalized medicine.
