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Ocular Motility Patterns in Intellectual Disability: Insights from the Developmental Eye Movement Test.

Elvira Orduna-Hospital1, Diego Hernández-Aranda1, Ana Sanchez-Cano1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
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PubMed
Summary

Eye tracking objectively measured ocular motility during the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). Findings indicate distinct eye movement patterns in ID subjects, necessitating specific normative data.

Keywords:
developmental eye movement testeye trackerintellectual disabilityocular motility

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test assesses visual-motor skills.
  • Objective measurement of ocular motility in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) is crucial for understanding their visual-motor processing.
  • Existing DEM test norms may not be applicable to individuals with ID.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively measure ocular motility parameters of the DEM test using an eye tracker in subjects with intellectual disability (ID).
  • To compare ocular motility in subjects with and without ID during the DEM test.

Main Methods:

  • The DEM test was administered to 45 subjects with ID.
  • Eye movements were recorded using an eye tracker during the DEM test.
  • Objective ocular motility parameters were extracted from DEM subtests A, B, and C.

Main Results:

  • Significant positive correlations were found between saccadic speed and length in both eyes of subjects with ID.
  • Subjects with a higher percentage of ID showed more fixations, saccades, errors, and longer test completion times.
  • Individuals without ID exhibited faster saccades with greater amplitude compared to those with ID.

Conclusions:

  • Eye tracking provides objective quantification of DEM test ocular motility parameters in subjects with ID.
  • Ocular movements were conjugated in subjects with ID, with consistent saccade length and speed.
  • Significant differences in ocular motility parameters between subjects with and without ID highlight the need for ID-specific normative data.