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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2025

High-throughput Confocal Imaging of Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimers to Track Binding and Endocytosis in HEK293T Cells
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Microfluidic Diffusion Sizing Applied to the Study of Natural Products and Extracts That Modulate the SARS-CoV-2

Jason Fauquet1, Julie Carette1, Pierre Duez1

  • 1Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2023
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Summary

Natural compounds can block SARS-CoV-2 entry by inhibiting spike protein and ACE2 interaction. A Chenopodium quinoa extract and naringenin showed significant potential in preventing viral infection.

Keywords:
dissociation constanthydrodynamic radiusprotein-protein interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Virology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • The SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) interaction with human ACE2 is essential for viral entry into host cells.
  • Inhibiting this interaction is a key strategy for developing antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen various natural products for their ability to modulate the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD-ACE2 protein-protein interaction.
  • To identify potent natural compounds that can inhibit viral entry by targeting this critical interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized microfluidic diffusional sizing (MDS) to measure hydrodynamic radius (Rh) and dissociation constant (KD) of protein-protein interactions.
  • Assessed the impact of natural products on the Rh of the spike RBD-ACE2 complex.
  • Determined binding curves to quantify the dissociation constant (KD) in the presence of potential inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Five out of nine tested natural products/extracts demonstrated modulation of the spike RBD-ACE2 complex formation.
  • A methanol extract from *Chenopodium quinoa* bitter seed husks (50 µg/mL) and the flavonoid naringenin (1 µM) were identified as particularly effective inhibitors.
  • These compounds significantly altered the hydrodynamic radius of the protein complex, indicating interference with binding.

Conclusions:

  • Natural products, specifically *Chenopodium quinoa* extract and naringenin, can effectively modulate the SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD-ACE2 interaction.
  • This study highlights the potential of these natural compounds as lead agents for developing novel strategies to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • The rapid screening method using MDS facilitates the identification of promising antiviral agents targeting viral entry mechanisms.