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Production of Porous Biochar from Cow Dung Using Microwave Process.

Wen-Tien Tsai1, Li-An Kuo2, Chi-Hung Tsai3

  • 1Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study produced biochar from cow dung (CD) using microwave pyrolysis, optimizing conditions to enhance its properties. The resulting biochar shows potential for various applications due to its improved surface area and calorific value.

Keywords:
biocharcalorific valuechemical characteristicscow dungmicrowave pyrolysispore propertysurface functional group

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass valorization
  • Pyrolysis technology
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Livestock manure presents a significant waste management challenge.
  • Valorizing cow dung (CD) into biochar offers a sustainable solution.
  • Microwave pyrolysis is an efficient method for biomass conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the production of biochar from cow dung via microwave pyrolysis.
  • To correlate biochar properties with microwave power and residence time.
  • To characterize the physical and chemical properties of the produced biochar.

Main Methods:

  • Microwave pyrolysis of cow dung at varying power (300-1000 W) and time (5-20 min).
  • Proximate analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for biomass characterization.
  • Nitrogen adsorption-desorption, FTIR, and EDS for biochar analysis.

Main Results:

  • Cow dung is rich in lignocellulosic constituents, suitable for biochar production.
  • Maximal enhancement factor of 139% in calorific value achieved.
  • Optimal biochar produced at 800 W for 5 min showed a BET surface area of 127 m²/g and pore volume of 0.104 cm³/g.
  • Biochar exhibited microporous and mesoporous structures with hydrophilic properties.

Conclusions:

  • Microwave pyrolysis effectively converts cow dung into valuable biochar.
  • Process parameters significantly influence biochar's pore properties and chemical characteristics.
  • The produced biochar possesses favorable attributes for potential applications.