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Heart Failure Promotes Cancer Progression in an Integrin β1-Dependent Manner.

Irina Langier Goncalves1, Lama Awwad1, Sharon Aviram1

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109601, Israel.

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Heart failure promotes cancer growth, but not when Integrin β1 is absent. This discovery is crucial for cardio-oncology patients, highlighting a potential therapeutic target to break the vicious cycle of cardiotoxicity and cancer progression.

Keywords:
Integrin β1Periostincancercardiac dysfunctioncardiac remodeling

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Heart failure and cancer are leading causes of death, sharing risk factors and interacting clinically.
  • Cancer therapies can induce cardiotoxicity, leading to heart failure, while heart failure can promote cancer progression and metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cardiac remodeling-induced secreted factors in promoting tumor growth in vivo.
  • To determine if Periostin is essential for heart failure-mediated tumor promotion.
  • To elucidate the involvement of Integrin receptors, specifically Integrin β1, in this interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Used mouse models of heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC).
  • Generated cancer cells with loss-of-function mutations in Periostin and Integrin β1.
  • Assessed tumor growth in vivo and cancer cell response to heart failure-derived factors in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Loss of Periostin did not prevent tumor promotion in heart failure models, suggesting alternative pathways.
  • Heart failure-induced tumor promotion was abrogated in cancer cells lacking functional Integrin β1.
  • Renal cell carcinoma cells, with low Integrin β1 expression, did not exhibit enhanced growth in response to heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • Integrin β1 is essential for the promotion of tumor growth by a failing heart.
  • Targeting Integrin β1 may offer a therapeutic strategy for cardio-oncology patients.
  • Understanding this crosstalk is vital for managing patients with co-existing heart failure and cancer.