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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
498

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Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells
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Synthetic Nucleic Acid Antigens in Localized Scleroderma.

Sangita Khatri1, Adrian H Bustos1, Christian Damsgaard Jørgensen2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic nucleic acid antigen sequences impact autoimmune reactions in localized scleroderma. A specific DNA antigen, dsD4, strongly associated with disease activity, shows potential for early diagnostic tools in this autoimmune skin condition.

Keywords:
autoimmunitydsD4localized sclerodermasynthetic nucleic acid antigens

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Localized scleroderma is an autoimmune skin disease.
  • Anti-DNA antibodies are common in autoimmune conditions like lupus and localized scleroderma.
  • The specific sequence of nucleic acid antigens may influence autoimmune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of synthetic nucleic acid antigen sequences on autoantibody profiles in localized scleroderma.
  • To determine if specific nucleic acid sequences correlate with disease activity.
  • To explore potential diagnostic markers for localized scleroderma.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a panel of DNA and RNA antigens.
  • Performed autoantibody profiling in 70 children with localized scleroderma, healthy controls, and pediatric lupus patients.
  • Utilized a bleomycin-induced mouse model to confirm in vivo findings.

Main Results:

  • A synthetic DNA antigen, dsD4 (containing the BRAF oncogene sequence), showed a strong presence in localized scleroderma patients, unlike in systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • dsD4 autoantibody levels significantly correlated with disease activity in localized scleroderma patients.
  • In vivo administration of dsD4 induced a polyclonal response in a mouse model.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleic acid antigen sequence specificity plays a role in localized scleroderma autoimmunity.
  • dsD4 autoantibodies represent a potential biomarker for localized scleroderma.
  • Findings suggest possibilities for novel early-stage diagnostic tools for localized scleroderma.