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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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Polyolefin Blends with Selectively Crosslinked Disperse Phase Based on Silane-Modified Polyethylene.

Markus Gahleitner1, Tung Pham2, Doris Machl1

  • 1Borealis Polyolefine GmbH, Innovation Headquarters, St. Peterstr. 25, 4021 Linz, Austria.

Polymers
|December 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored using silane-crosslinkable polyethylene (PE) modifiers to enhance polypropylene (PP) impact strength. Lower density PE modifiers, especially those with acrylate, significantly improved toughness, though phase stabilization was not the primary mechanism.

Keywords:
crosslinkingmechanicsmorphologymultiphasepolyethylenepolypropylenerheology

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science and Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Composite Materials

Background:

  • Polypropylene (PP) multiphase compositions require morphology stabilization for consistent impact strength.
  • Existing methods for stabilizing PP morphology have limitations in performance and applicability.
  • Decoupling mixing and crosslinking processes offers a novel approach to material modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of silane-crosslinkable polyethylene (PE) homo- and copolymers as impact modifiers for PP.
  • To evaluate the effect of different PE modifiers on the stiffness-impact balance of various PP copolymers.
  • To understand the mechanisms behind impact strength improvement and assess processability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized commercial silane-copolymerized low-density PE (LD-PEX) and silane-grafted high-density PE (HD-PEX) as modifiers.
  • Formulated blends with various PP copolymers, including ethylene-propylene random copolymers (PPR), impact (PPI), and random-impact (PPRI) copolymers.
  • Assessed the impact strength, stiffness-impact balance, morphology, and melt flow rate of the resulting compositions.

Main Results:

  • Blends with LD-PEX and HD-PEX modifiers showed improved stiffness-impact balance in PPR, PPI, and PPRI copolymers.
  • Lower density PE modifiers, particularly LD-PEX with acrylate (Tg ~ -40 °C), demonstrated superior toughening effects.
  • Impact strength improvement was observed, but not primarily due to expected phase stabilization; particle sizes increased during mixing.
  • Thermoplastic processability was maintained, but a drop in melt flow rate limited practical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Silane-crosslinkable PE modifiers offer a viable route to enhance the impact properties of PP copolymers.
  • Modifier density and specific comonomers (like acrylate) significantly influence toughening efficiency.
  • While processability is retained, melt flow rate reduction necessitates careful consideration for industrial use.