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Smoking, Alcohol Intake and Torque Teno Virus in Stable Kidney Transplant Recipients
Caecilia S E Doorenbos1, Jip Jonker1, Jiasi Hao2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Viruses
|December 23, 2023
Summary
Torque Teno Virus (TTV) load in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is influenced by lifestyle. Smoking and high alcohol intake are linked to lower TTV levels, impacting immunosuppression guidance.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Torque Teno Virus (TTV) is highly prevalent in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).
- TTV viral load correlates with immune status and may guide immunosuppression therapy.
- Identifying TTV load determinants is crucial for optimizing KTR management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between smoking, alcohol consumption, and TTV load in KTRs.
- To determine if lifestyle factors influence TTV levels in stable kidney transplant patients.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 666 stable KTRs (≥1 year post-transplant).
- Serum TTV load measured by PCR.
- Smoking status and alcohol intake assessed via questionnaires, urinary cotinine, and ethyl glucuronide levels.
Main Results:
- A detectable TTV load was found in 82% of KTRs.
- Cyclosporin and tacrolimus use showed a positive association with TTV load.
- Current smoking and alcohol intake (>20 g/day) were negatively associated with TTV load, independent of other factors.
Conclusions:
- Smoking and alcohol intake are significant negative determinants of TTV load in KTRs.
- These lifestyle factors must be considered when using TTV for guiding immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients.
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