Acute appendicitis within an incisional hernia: a type of Amyand's hernia

A man in his 60s presented to the emergency department with generalised abdominal pain and distention associated with the inability to pass stool or gas. The patient had undergone a laparoscopic partial right nephrectomy due to renal cell carcinoma a year ago. The workup diagnosis suggested an incarcerated incisional hernia. Surgical treatment was proposed. Intraoperatively, we found an ileocecal appendix with a macroscopically gangrenous appearance inside the hernia sac. An appendectomy was performed, and the hernia defect was closed using a tension repair. Amyand's hernia, a rare condition, is classically described as an inguinal hernia containing the appendix, but it can also refer to an incisional hernia containing the appendix. Amyand's hernia classification depends on the localisation of the hernia sac and its contents, including the presence or absence of appendix inflammation.This case report described a patient with Amyand's hernia, which was diagnosed intraoperatively. The treatment was also discussed including open appendectomy and primary repair of the defect using a tension repair approach.