Progress of circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent arrhythmia that requires effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical management. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis of AF, particularly through the ceRNA (competitive endogenous RNA) mechanism. By acting as ceRNAs, ncRNAs can competitively bind to miRNAs and modulate the expression of target mRNAs, thereby influencing the biological behavior of AF. The ceRNA axis has shown promise as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for AF. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of AF, highlighting the intricate crosstalk between different ncRNAs in AF pathophysiology. Furthermore, we discuss the potential implications of targeting the circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention of AF.