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Related Concept Videos

Energy Losses in Transformers01:21

Energy Losses in Transformers

In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality,  the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be  the high resistance of the copper windings...
Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Harvesting Solar Energy by Means of Charge-Separating Nanocrystals and Their Solids
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Designing Metasurfaces for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion.

Luca Mascaretti1,2, Yuheng Chen3,4, Olivier Henrotte1

  • 1Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic.

ACS Photonics
|December 25, 2023
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Summary

Metasurfaces offer precise light control for efficient solar energy conversion. This review explores their design, applications in photovoltaics, and potential for sustainable energy solutions.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Materials Science
  • Optics and Photonics
  • Renewable Energy Technologies

Background:

  • Metasurfaces enable nanoscale light manipulation through engineered nanoresonators.
  • Their exceptional optical properties are key to diverse applications, including energy harvesting.
  • Precise control over the optical spectrum is achievable by tailoring metasurface geometry and composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the state-of-the-art in metasurface-based solar energy conversion devices.
  • To introduce fundamental solar energy conversion processes and metasurface classifications (plasmonic and dielectric).
  • To highlight numerical design tools, including inverse design methods, for optimizing metasurface optical responses.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of fundamental solar energy conversion principles.
  • Introduction to plasmonic and dielectric metasurface types.
  • Exploration of numerical simulation and inverse design techniques for metasurface optimization.

Main Results:

  • Metasurfaces demonstrate significant potential for efficient solar light harvesting and conversion.
  • Applications span photovoltaics, photoelectrochemistry, photocatalysis, solar-thermal conversion, and radiative cooling.
  • Tailoring metasurface optical properties leads to advancements in solar energy harvesting.

Conclusions:

  • Metasurfaces provide a powerful platform for enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency.
  • Their application in various solar technologies offers practical solutions for a sustainable society.
  • Continued development in metasurface engineering promises further breakthroughs in renewable energy.