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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
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Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

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Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
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Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)01:32

Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)

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Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
There are two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
The ionotropic receptor is the membrane protein that has an...
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Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

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Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
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Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology
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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology

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Synaptic plasticity through a naturalistic lens.

Charlotte Piette1, Nicolas Gervasi1, Laurent Venance1

  • 1Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France.

Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience
|December 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores naturalistic investigations of synaptic plasticity, focusing on in vivo tools and brain-body interactions. It highlights how these approaches advance our understanding of learning, memory, and neural circuit function.

Keywords:
body internal statesin vivo-like patternslearningmemoryneuroenergeticneuromodulationspike-timing dependent plasticitysynaptic plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Neuronal plasticity research is complex, spanning molecular mechanisms to behavioral relevance.
  • Recent advances focus on naturalistic investigations to understand learning and memory.
  • In vivo electrophysiological and imaging tools have significantly fostered this progress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review naturalistic investigations of synaptic plasticity.
  • To examine plasticity rules derived from in vivo-like activity patterns.
  • To highlight novel tools for detecting and manipulating plasticity during behavior.
  • To emphasize the role of brain-body communication and metabolism in synaptic plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on naturalistic in vivo studies of synaptic plasticity.
  • Analysis of synaptic plasticity rules derived from in vivo-like activity patterns.
  • Overview of advanced electrophysiological and imaging tools for high spatio-temporal resolution.
  • Examination of studies incorporating brain-body interactions and metabolic factors.

Main Results:

  • Naturalistic investigations offer a more accurate view of synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory.
  • Novel tools provide unprecedented specificity in observing and altering plasticity at multiple levels.
  • Brain-body communication loops and metabolic states are crucial macroscale contributors to plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Naturalistic in vivo approaches are essential for understanding synaptic plasticity in realistic contexts.
  • Technological advancements are revolutionizing the study of plasticity from single spines to circuits.
  • Integrating brain-body states and metabolism provides a more holistic view of neuronal plasticity.