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Granular Hydrogels for Harnessing the Immune Response.

Adrienne E Widener1, Abilene Roberts1, Edward A Phelps1

  • 1J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Dr., Gainesville, 32611, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|December 25, 2023
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Summary

This review highlights immune-instructive granular hydrogels, finding porosity crucial for innate immunity and bioactivity for adaptive immunity. Future research should explore these factors for enhanced immunomodulation.

Keywords:
granular hydrogelsimmune‐instructive materialsimmunomodulationmicroporous annealed particles

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Granular hydrogels are advanced biomaterials with tunable properties.
  • Understanding their interaction with the immune system is crucial for therapeutic applications.
  • Immune-instructive materials aim to guide host immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current progress in immune-instructive granular hydrogels.
  • To identify key features influencing immunomodulatory strategies.
  • To guide future development of these biomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published literature on granular hydrogels.
  • Cataloging of material properties: base polymer, generation technique, crosslinking, particle characteristics, annealing, stiffness, porosity, degradability, biomolecule presentation, drug release.
  • Identification of parameters influencing immune modulation.

Main Results:

  • Porosity significantly impacts innate immune response to granular hydrogels.
  • Incorporated bioactivity is more significant for adaptive immune responses.
  • Key parameters identified include porosity, architecture, bioactivity, drug release, cell delivery, and modularity.

Conclusions:

  • Immune-instructive granular hydrogels offer significant potential for modulating immune responses.
  • Material porosity and bioactivity are critical design considerations for specific immune outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to fully leverage these materials for therapeutic benefits.