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JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
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Warming drives feedback between plant phenotypes and ecosystem functioning in sub-Antarctic ponds.

Pauline Douce1, Laurent Simon1, Fanny Colas1

  • 1Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 LEHNA, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.

The Science of the Total Environment
|December 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Warming and plant interactions alter plant traits and litter decomposition in sub-Antarctic ponds. These changes impact ecosystem functioning and plant phenotypes, highlighting climate change effects on biodiversity.

Keywords:
Climate warmingEcosystem functioningFeedbackFunctional traitsLitter decay ratePlant–plant interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Plant Biology
  • Climate Change Research

Background:

  • Climate warming and plant-plant interactions are key factors affecting plant communities and biodiversity.
  • These factors often influence plant traits and ecosystem processes independently, despite potential interactions.
  • Understanding the combined effects is crucial for predicting ecological responses to environmental change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of temperature and plant-plant interactions on plant traits and litter decomposition.
  • To assess how these factors influence ecosystem functioning and potential feedback on plant phenotypes.
  • To examine trait responses of Limosella australis in sub-Antarctic pond ecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation of temperature and plant-plant interactions (intraspecific and interspecific) using Limosella australis.
  • Assessment of leaf resource-acquisition- and -conservation traits under different treatment conditions.
  • Decomposition experiments with created litters at varying temperatures to measure decay rates and feedback effects.

Main Results:

  • Plant traits like Specific Leaf Area (SLA) and leaf C:N ratio varied with temperature and plant interactions.
  • Litter decay rates were influenced by Leaf Carbon Content and temperature, with the highest rate at 18°C.
  • Evidence of positive feedback loops where decomposition processes affected plant traits (leaf C:N, Leaf Dry Matter Content).

Conclusions:

  • Plant-plant interactions act as an additional selective pressure on individuals under warming conditions.
  • Ecosystem processes, driven by litter decomposition, can feedback to influence plant phenotypes.
  • Warming directly and indirectly impacts evolutionary and ecological processes in aquatic ecosystems via plant responses.