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The quantum house of cards
1Université Grenoble Alpes, Quantum Photonics, Electronics and Engineering Laboratory, Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, Institut d'ingénierie et de management, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Grenoble 38000, France.
Despite promises for drug discovery and AI, current quantum computers struggle with basic calculations. This article explores the technological hurdles in building practical quantum computing hardware and software.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Computing
- Computer Science
- Physics
Background:
- Quantum computers offer potential solutions for complex problems in various fields.
- Current quantum hardware limitations prevent even simple arithmetic operations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the challenges hindering the development of practical quantum computers.
- To provide an overview of the technology stack required for quantum computation.
Main Methods:
- Review of quantum computing technologies from algorithms to hardware.
- Analysis of the quantum error correction layer.
- Discussion of control electronics and cryogenics for quantum systems.
Main Results:
- Significant technological challenges exist across all layers of quantum computing.
- Quantum error correction is a critical but complex intermediate layer.
- Basic operations like multiplication are currently unachievable for quantum hardware.
Conclusions:
- Realizing the full potential of quantum computing requires overcoming substantial hardware and software obstacles.
- Advancements in quantum error correction and control systems are essential.
- Bridging the gap between theoretical promise and practical application remains a key challenge.
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