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Updated: Jul 7, 2025

DNA Virus Detection System Based on RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-SPM and Deep Learning
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ESCRT machinery and virus infection.

Jun Dai1, Yiyi Feng2, Ying Liao3

  • 1Experimental Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China.

Antiviral Research
|December 26, 2023
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Summary

The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is crucial for viral spread. Viruses hijack ESCRT, but host defenses and ESCRT-targeting drugs offer antiviral strategies.

Keywords:
AntiviralDrugsESCRTHijackingMachineryVirus

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery is vital for cellular processes.
  • Its role in viral infection and host response is increasingly recognized.
  • Viruses exploit ESCRT for replication, while host immunity targets ESCRT proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the ESCRT machinery's composition and function in viral replication.
  • To elucidate how viruses interact with and manipulate the ESCRT pathway.
  • To explore the potential of ESCRT subunits and viral motifs as antiviral drug targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ESCRT and viral interactions.
  • Analysis of viral protein domains (e.g., late domains) that recruit ESCRT.
  • Investigation of host antiviral responses involving ESCRT.

Main Results:

  • Viruses utilize ESCRT for multiple life cycle stages, including budding and replication.
  • Viral "late (L) domain" motifs are key for recruiting ESCRT subunits.
  • Host factors like ISG15/HERC5 can degrade ESCRT proteins to inhibit viruses.

Conclusions:

  • ESCRT machinery is a central hub for viral replication and host defense.
  • Targeting ESCRT-host-virus interactions presents a promising avenue for antiviral drug development.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can guide novel therapeutic strategies against diverse viral infections.