Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

Review and Preview

Review and Preview

In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...

Nursing Evaluation

Nursing Evaluation

The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.

Role of Communication in the Nursing Process III: Evaluation and Documentation

Role of Communication in the Nursing Process III: Evaluation and Documentation

A successful patient outcome depends mainly on the evaluation stage of the nursing process. Evaluation determines effectiveness by reviewing what was done previously after the completion of nursing interventions. Every time a healthcare professional steps in or administers treatment, they must reassess or evaluate the action to ensure the intended result. During the evaluation phase, there are three probable patient outcomes:

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...

Longitudinal Research

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Artificial intelligence perceptions and experiences among first and second year medical students.

Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·2026

Same author

Gender Differences in National Institutes of Health Funding for Family Medicine Faculty.

Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM·2026

Same author

A Call for Revising Handicapped Parking Permits Categories to Include Extreme Weather Conditions.

Southern medical journal·2026

Same authorSame journal

Characteristics and Philosophies of Family Physician Leaders: A Qualitative Investigation.

PRiMER (Leawood, Kan.)·2026

Same author

Bridging the AI Policy Gap in Medical Education: Assessing the Lack of Standardised Guidelines in US Medical Schools.

The clinical teacher·2026

Same author

Factors Shaping Medical Student Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction.

PRiMER (Leawood, Kan.)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Published on: February 10, 2016

Writing an External Letter of Review for Promotion.

Suzanne Minor¹, Sarah E Stumbar¹, Joanna Drowos²

¹Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, University Park, FL.

Primer (Leawood, Kan.)

|December 27, 2023

Summary

Writing strong external review letters is crucial for academic promotion. This guide offers key considerations for experienced faculty and highlights how professional societies can support skill development for this important task.

More Related Videos

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity

Published on: February 10, 2016

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Academic Medicine
Faculty Development

Background:

Academic promotion signifies a faculty member's distinguished body of work.
External letters of review from senior faculty are essential for promotion portfolios.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline key considerations for writing effective external review letters.
To provide a framework for mentoring less experienced letter writers.
To identify the role of professional societies in enhancing these skills.

Main Methods:

Discussion of best practices for evaluating candidates.
Guidance on structuring and content of review letters.
Exploration of professional society resources.

Main Results:

Identified critical elements for impactful external review letters.
Provided strategies for mentoring junior faculty in letter writing.
Highlighted the value of professional societies in faculty development.

Conclusions:

Effective external letters are vital for academic promotion.
Mentorship and professional society engagement can improve letter-writing skills.
Developing strong writing and mentoring capabilities is essential for faculty advancement.