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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

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Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Published on: July 5, 2019

Stacking Order Engineering of Two-Dimensional Materials and Device Applications.

Carter Fox^1,2, Yulu Mao³, Xiang Zhang^4,5

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.

Chemical Reviews

|December 27, 2023

Summary

Stacking order engineering in 2D van der Waals materials enables novel quantum properties and device applications. This review explores how manipulating layer arrangements unlocks advanced functionalities for electronics, photonics, and chemistry.

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Last Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

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Published on: July 5, 2019

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A Standard and Reliable Method to Fabricate Two-Dimensional Nanoelectronics

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Published on: August 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Stacking order in 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials governs interlayer interactions, influencing material properties.
Altering stacking order can induce novel ferroic, correlated, and topological phenomena with unique electronic, optical, and magnetic characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of stacking order engineering in 2D vdW materials.
To highlight the impact of stacking configurations on material properties and device applications.
To discuss fabrication, characterization, physical properties, and device prototyping in slidetronics and twistronics.

Main Methods:

Review of fabrication and characterization techniques for controlling stacking order.
Analysis of theoretical and experimental studies on stacking-dependent properties.
Exploration of device prototyping utilizing slidetronics and twistronics principles.

Main Results:

Stacking orders critically influence interlayer charge transfer, orbital coupling, and flat band formation.
Engineering stacking configurations allows for the design of materials with tailored quantum properties and surface potentials.
Demonstrated correlation between stacking configurations and device functionality.

Conclusions:

Stacking order engineering is a powerful strategy for designing advanced 2D vdW materials.
This approach has significant implications for next-generation electronic, photonic, and chemical energy conversion devices.
Future research opportunities lie in further exploring stacking configurations for innovative material design and device applications.