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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

The Evolution of Silica Nanoparticle-polyester Coatings on Surfaces Exposed to Sunlight
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Waterborne Polymer Coatings with Bright Noniridescent Structural Colors.

Laurinda R P Areias1, José Paulo S Farinha1,2

  • 1Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces novel, non-photodegradable structural color pigments for waterborne coatings. These sustainable photonic pigments offer vibrant, stable colors in paints and coatings.

Keywords:
noniridescent structural colorspherical photonic pigmentsstructural colorsustainable pigmentswaterborne polymer coatings

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Conventional pigments often rely on light absorption, leading to photobleaching and environmental concerns.
  • Developing sustainable, stable, and vibrant colorants for waterborne coatings is a significant challenge.
  • Structural color offers a light-selective reflection mechanism, avoiding photodegradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel, environmentally friendly spherical photonic pigments for waterborne polymer coatings.
  • To demonstrate the stability and tunable color properties of these photonic pigments.
  • To enable the production of non-photodegradable, structurally colored waterborne films.

Main Methods:

  • Assembly of polymer-based spherical photonic pigments from polymer nanoparticles.
  • Incorporation of these pigments into aqueous dispersions of polymer nanoparticles.
  • Characterization of optical properties and stability in water dispersion and final polymer films.

Main Results:

  • The developed spherical photonic pigments are highly stable in aqueous dispersions and final polymer films.
  • Structural colors are achieved through light reflection, preventing photobleaching and degradation.
  • Tunable colors are obtained by altering the nanostructure, specifically the size of the polymer nanoparticles.
  • The pigments integrate seamlessly into waterborne polymer nanoparticle dispersions without structural compromise.

Conclusions:

  • Novel spherical photonic pigments provide an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly route to waterborne coatings with structural color.
  • This approach offers a non-photodegradable alternative to conventional pigments for paints and coatings.
  • The method is simple, scalable, and holds significant promise for the coatings industry.