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This study introduces a new reactive transport model for bentonite barriers in deep geological repositories. The model accurately simulates bentonite behavior under changing groundwater conditions, enhancing nuclear waste disposal safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Geological Engineering
  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Deep geological repositories are the leading method for spent nuclear fuel disposal.
  • Compacted bentonite is a crucial engineered barrier, isolating waste from host rock.
  • Understanding bentonite's response to groundwater changes is vital for repository safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a novel reactive transport model for bentonite.
  • To simulate bentonite behavior under varying geochemical conditions within a repository setting.
  • To enhance the safety assessment of deep geological repositories for nuclear waste.

Main Methods:

  • A new reactive transport model for bentonite was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics.
  • The model incorporates a complex geochemical system (42 species, 4 minerals) and Nernst-Planck equations for transport.
  • It simulates double-porosity media behavior across macro- and microstructural levels.
  • The model uniquely integrates chemical speciation and transport equation solving.

Main Results:

  • The model was successfully verified and validated against a benchmark experiment.
  • Simulations accurately reflected the multicomponent advective-diffusive behavior of compacted bentonite.
  • The model demonstrated capability in predicting bentonite's response to groundwater evolution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed reactive transport model is a valuable tool for assessing bentonite barrier performance.
  • This integrated approach enhances the understanding of engineered barrier systems in nuclear waste disposal.
  • The model contributes to the safety and reliability of deep geological repositories.