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ANRIL, H19 and TUG1: a review about critical long non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases
Lívia da Cunha Agostini1, Tamires Cunha Almeida2, Glenda Nicioli da Silva3,4
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Morro do Cruzeiro, s/nº, Ouro Prêto, Minas Gerais, CEP 35402-163, Brazil.
Insights
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) show promise in diagnosing and preventing cardiovascular diseases. Understanding lncRNA mechanisms like ANRIL, H19, and TUG1 aids early detection and intervention for conditions like heart failure and stroke.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary global cause of mortality.
- Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, and genetic predisposition.
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly linked to CVD development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent discoveries on lncRNA mechanisms in cardiovascular pathologies.
- To highlight the clinical relevance of specific lncRNAs (ANRIL, H19, TUG1).
- To explore lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for early CVD detection.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent research on lncRNAs and cardiovascular diseases.
- Analysis of studies focusing on ANRIL, H19, and TUG1.
- Synthesis of findings on lncRNA function and clinical implications.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs are implicated in the susceptibility to hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure.
- Specific lncRNAs (ANRIL, H19, TUG1) play crucial roles in cardiovascular disease mechanisms.
- lncRNAs offer potential for novel diagnostic and preventive strategies.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs represent a promising avenue for the prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into lncRNA mechanisms can facilitate early detection and intervention.
- Targeting lncRNAs may help prevent the establishment of cardiovascular pathological phenotypes.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. They are non-transmissible diseases that affect the cardiovascular system and have different etiologies such as smoking, lipid disorders, diabetes, stress, sedentary lifestyle and genetic factors. To date, lncRNAs have been associated with increased susceptibility to the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, angina and heart failure. In this way, lncRNAs are becoming a very promising point for the prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review highlights the most important and recent discoveries about the mechanisms of action of the lncRNAs ANRIL, H19 and TUG1 and their clinical relevance in these pathologies. This may contribute to early detection of cardiovascular diseases in order to prevent the pathological phenotype from becoming established.
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