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Atypical Mpox in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility
Nneka M Chika-Igwenyi1, Uche S Unigwe1,2, Nnennaya A Ajayi1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|December 29, 2023
Summary
This study details mpox (mpox) cases in Nigeria, revealing unusual skin lesions, particularly in genital areas. Early recognition and revised case definitions are crucial for preventing mpox spread.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Describes diverse clinical characteristics and disease course of confirmed mpox cases.
- Focuses on mpox management within a Nigerian tertiary health facility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze clinical and epidemiologic data of mpox cases during the 2022 outbreak.
- To highlight unusual presentations of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed mpox.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of clinical and epidemiologic data from suspected mpox cases.
- Utilized polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for mpox confirmation.
Main Results:
- 13 out of 17 suspected cases were PCR-confirmed mpox.
- Coinfections included varicella zoster virus (38.5%), HIV (15.4%), and diabetes mellitus (7.7%).
- Significant genital lesions (46.2%) and polymorphic skin lesions (46.2%) were observed, with some lesions persisting over 120 days.
Conclusions:
- Clinical recognition and diagnosis of mpox are challenging in resource-limited settings.
- Highlights the need for evaluating unusual skin lesions and screening mpox for genital lesions mimicking STIs.
- Recommends revising clinical case definitions and enhancing surveillance for early mpox recognition and prevention.
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