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Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Infected Cells.

Kiran Bala Sharma1, Simran Chhabra1, Manjula Kalia2

  • 1Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry
|December 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections pose a growing threat, particularly to children. Research into JEV-infected cells offers new avenues for developing crucial antiviral therapies.

Keywords:
AutophagyBlood-brain barrierCell deathER stressFlavivirusInnate immunityJapanese encephalitis virusNeuroinflammationNeurotropicUnfolded protein response

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • RNA viruses, including flaviviruses like Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), pose increasing pandemic risks due to global warming and connectivity.
  • JEV causes significant health burdens in endemic regions, particularly affecting the pediatric population.
  • Viruses like JEV exploit host cellular machinery to replicate and spread, leading to diseases such as neuroinflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-infected cells.
  • To explore how this knowledge can inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies against JEV.

Main Methods:

  • This study involves a review of current research on JEV replication and host-pathogen interactions within infected cells.
  • Analysis of JEV's neurotropic mechanisms and its ability to evade host defenses.

Main Results:

  • JEV infects various cell types, including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, monocytes, and macrophages.
  • The virus breaches the blood-brain barrier to infect central nervous system cells like neurons and microglia.
  • Current JEV treatments are limited, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding JEV-infected cells is critical for developing targeted antiviral therapies.
  • Biomedical research into JEV pathogenesis can lead to effective treatment strategies for this neurotropic virus.