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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

951
The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
951
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

4.5K
The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
4.5K
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

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Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
671
Cardiac Cycle01:29

Cardiac Cycle

6.3K
The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
During the cardiac cycle, blood flow through the heart is regulated entirely by changing pressure gradients. This sequence of events begins with the heart in a state of total relaxation, known as mid-to-late diastole, during which blood passively flows from...
6.3K
The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

88.2K
The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
88.2K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.4K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos
08:57

En Face Endocardial Cushion Preparation for Planar Morphogenesis Analysis in Mouse Embryos

Published on: July 27, 2022

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Cardiac maturation.

Tomoya Sakamoto1, Daniel P Kelly1

  • 1Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
|December 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The heart

Keywords:
Cardiomyocyte maturationFetal gene programGene transcriptionMitochondrial metabolismNuclear receptorPostnatal development

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Imaging Cleared Embryonic and Postnatal Hearts at Single-cell Resolution
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Imaging Cleared Embryonic and Postnatal Hearts at Single-cell Resolution
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Imaging Cleared Embryonic and Postnatal Hearts at Single-cell Resolution

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The postnatal heart matures dynamically, adapting its energy metabolism and contractile functions.
  • Pathological conditions like heart failure can reverse this maturation, reverting to a fetal state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding the transcriptional control of cardiac maturation.
  • To explore translational applications for heart failure treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vivo studies.
  • Analysis of human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
  • Focus on transcriptional regulation.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac maturation involves significant reprogramming of mitochondrial energy metabolism.
  • Transcriptional control is key to this developmental process.
  • Fetal gene programs are reactivated in heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cardiac maturation's transcriptional control offers new therapeutic targets for heart failure.
  • Translational strategies can leverage this knowledge for improved patient outcomes.