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Characterization of G Protein-coupled Receptors by a Fluorescence-based Calcium Mobilization Assay
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Structural and pharmacological characterization of a medium-chain fatty acid receptor GPR84 in common carp (Cyprinus

Ming-Xing Yao1, Hui-Xia Yu1, Hao-Lin Mo1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.

Developmental and Comparative Immunology
|December 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified the G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) in common carp, finding it primarily in the intestine and spleen. Specific medium-chain fatty acids differentially regulate its signaling pathways, impacting inflammatory responses.

Area of Science:

  • * Molecular biology and comparative genomics.
  • * Fish immunology and physiology.

Background:

  • * G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) is a key regulator of inflammatory responses in mammals.
  • * Its function and distribution in fish, particularly common carp, remain largely uncharacterized.
  • * Understanding GPR84 in fish is crucial for investigating inflammatory processes in aquaculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To clone and characterize the common carp GPR84 (ccGPR84).
  • * To determine the tissue distribution of ccGPR84 in common carp.
  • * To investigate the cellular signaling pathways modulated by medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) through ccGPR84.

Main Methods:

  • * Cloning of the ccGPR84 coding sequence (CDS).
  • * Phylogenetic and chromosomal synteny analyses for evolutionary context.
  • * Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for tissue expression analysis.
  • * Luciferase reporter assays to assess signaling pathway activation (cAMP and MAPK/ERK).

Main Results:

  • * The ccGPR84 CDS is 1191 bp, encoding a 396-amino acid protein, conserved within Cyprinids.
  • * ccGPR84 expression is highest in the intestine and spleen.
  • * Nonanoic, capric (decanoic), undecanoic, and lauric acids differentially inhibit cAMP and activate MAPK/ERK signaling via ccGPR84.

Conclusions:

  • * ccGPR84 is a conserved G protein-coupled receptor in common carp with distinct tissue expression.
  • * Specific MCFAs exhibit varying potencies in modulating ccGPR84-mediated cAMP and MAPK/ERK signaling.
  • * These findings provide a basis for understanding MCFAs' role in common carp inflammatory responses.
Keywords:
Common carpGPR84MAPK/ERK signaling pathwaycAMP signaling pathway

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