Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

5.2K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
5.2K
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

234
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
234

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Biomarkers.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same author

Harmonized Protocol for Segmentation of the Hippocampal Tail on High-Resolution <i>in vivo</i> MRI from the Hippocampal Subfields Group (HSG).

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

The effects of traumatic brain Injury, post-traumatic stress disorder on Amyloid-β associated network hyperconnectivity and progression of gray matter atrophy.

NeuroImage. Clinical·2025
Same author

A (sub)field guide to quality control in hippocampal subfield segmentation on high-resolution T<sub>2</sub>-weighted MRI.

Human brain mapping·2024
Same author

7T MP2RAGE for cortical myelin segmentation: Impact of aging.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Their Influence on Development and Pattern of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in Later Life.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain
10:06

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

Published on: May 10, 2012

12.9K

Mapping internal brainstem structures using T1 and T2 weighted 3T images.

Susanne G Mueller1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroimaging
|January 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed an automated method to segment brainstem structures using T1/T2 ratio images. The approach revealed significant age-related changes in most brainstem gray matter structures, offering insights into neurodegenerative disease progression.

Keywords:
T1T2agingbrainsteminternal structuressegmentation

More Related Videos

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
05:14

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

Published on: September 8, 2021

3.4K
Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
09:53

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2025

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain
10:06

High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain

Published on: May 10, 2012

12.9K
Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
05:14

Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra

Published on: September 8, 2021

3.4K
Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
09:53

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery

Published on: July 5, 2021

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases frequently impact the brainstem early in their progression.
  • Accurate segmentation of brainstem structures is crucial for understanding these diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an automated method for segmenting internal brainstem structures using T1 and T2 weighted MRI sequences.
  • To leverage the T1/T2 ratio for enhanced myelin contrast.
  • To investigate the effects of aging on brainstem gray matter structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized T1 and T2 weighted images from the Human Connectome Project Aging (n=675).
  • Calculated T1/T2 ratio (RATIO) images for superior myelin contrast.
  • Employed k-means clustering and non-linear diffeomorphic mapping for automated segmentation of five brainstem tissue types.
  • Generated probabilistic group priors to refine single-subject segmentations.

Main Results:

  • Successfully segmented five distinct brainstem tissue types, including gray matter and mixed gray/white matter.
  • Calculated Jacobian determinant maps to quantify age-related structural changes.
  • Found significant linear or quadratic age effects in 43 out of 48 analyzed brainstem gray matter structures.

Conclusions:

  • The developed automated segmentation procedure provides biologically meaningful insights into brainstem structure.
  • This method enables robust analysis of age-related changes in the brainstem.
  • The approach holds promise for studying neurodegenerative diseases affecting the brainstem.