Engineered exosomes-based theranostic strategy for tumor metastasis and recurrence

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nanotechnology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Metastasis drives cancer fatalities, with circulating tumor cells crucial for relapse.
• Exosomes, extracellular vesicles, are promising for tumor theranostics due to their properties.
• Unmodified exosomes have limitations in efficacy and functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review techniques for engineering exosomes for cancer theranostics.
• To elucidate the role of exosomes in the metastatic cascade.
• To explore the application of tailored exosomes in preventing tumor metastasis and recurrence.

Main Methods:

• Review of exosome engineering methodologies.
• Analysis of nanotechnology, genetic manipulation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and optical interventions.
• Examination of exosome-interplay with tumor metastasis.

Main Results:

• Engineered exosomes offer enhanced surveillance and intervention capabilities.
• Tailored exosomes demonstrate potential in reducing tumor metastasis and recurrence.
• Current methodologies provide avenues to overcome limitations of unmodified exosomes.

Conclusions:

• Exosome engineering is a rapidly evolving field with significant therapeutic potential.
• Targeted exosome-based strategies are crucial for managing cancer metastasis and relapse.
• Further research will advance exosome theranostics for improved cancer treatment.