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Assessment of Visual Evoked Potential to Detect Visual Pathway Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A
Akriti Kapila Sharma1, Latika Mohan1, Sunita Mittal1
1Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND.
Cureus
|January 1, 2024
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) impacts maternal vision, as shown by altered visual evoked potential (VEP) tests during and after pregnancy. These changes, linked to advanced glycation end products, suggest subclinical visual pathway disturbances in GDM patients.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Endocrinology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasingly prevalent, necessitating research into its effects on maternal ophthalmic health.
- Visual evoked potential (VEP) offers a non-invasive method to detect visual pathway disturbances before physical signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) appear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess changes in VEP in GDM patients during pregnancy and postpartum.
- To compare VEP in GDM patients with normoglycemic controls.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving GDM patients and normoglycemic controls.
- VEP was recorded using pattern reversal stimuli at 24-28 weeks gestation, 32-38 weeks gestation, and 6-12 weeks postpartum.
- Biochemical parameters, including serum advanced glycation end products (AGEs), were analyzed.
Main Results:
- GDM patients exhibited longer P100 latency in both eyes compared to controls during pregnancy.
- Postpartum P100 latency decreased but remained higher than in controls.
- Baseline P100 latency correlated significantly with serum AGEs levels in the GDM group.
Conclusions:
- GDM diagnosis is associated with significant VEP changes during and after pregnancy.
- VEP alterations may indicate subclinical visual pathway dysfunction in GDM.
- Further research is warranted to understand long-term ophthalmic implications.
