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Infant care: cache or carry.

B Lozoff, G Brittenham

    The Journal of Pediatrics
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human history shows a consistent infant care pattern with extensive mother-infant contact and breastfeeding. Modern Western practices differ significantly, potentially impacting infant development.

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    Area of Science:

    • Anthropology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Human evolutionary history suggests a characteristic infant care pattern.
    • Contemporary hunter-gatherer societies offer insights into ancestral child-rearing practices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine contemporary hunter-gatherer infant care patterns.
    • To compare these patterns with modern Western infant care practices.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of numerically coded measures of infant care in a representative sample of world cultures.
    • Observation of caregiver-infant interactions, physical contact, feeding, and infant autonomy.

    Main Results:

    • Hunter-gatherer infant care is characterized by extensive maternal body contact, prolonged breastfeeding, and immediate response to crying.

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  • Infants in these cultures achieve early independence, spending significant time away from mothers by 2-4 years.
  • Western infant care (US) contrasts sharply, featuring minimal body contact, restricted movement, early weaning, and delayed response to crying.
  • Conclusions:

    • A distinct pattern of infant care has characterized most of human history.
    • Modern Western infant care practices represent a significant departure from this ancestral pattern.
    • These transformations in infant care may have profound effects on infant development and maternal involvement.