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Using focused ultrasound to modulate microglial structure and function.

Sarina Grewal1,2, Elisa Gonçalves de Andrade3,4, Rikke Hahn Kofoed5,6,7

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|January 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Focused ultrasound (FUS) and FUS with microbubbles can modulate brain immune cells called microglia. This review explores how FUS impacts microglial function for potential neurological disease therapies.

Keywords:
blood-brain barrierfocused ultrasoundfunctional effectsgliamicrogliamodulationneurodegeneration

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) offers precise, minimally invasive brain neuromodulation.
  • FUS, with or without microbubbles, shows potential in modulating the blood-brain barrier and brain immune cells.
  • Microglia are central nervous system immune cells crucial for brain maintenance, defense, and plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the demonstrated and putative biological effects of FUS and FUS with microbubbles on microglial activities.
  • To emphasize key cellular and molecular changes in microglia observed in vitro and in vivo.
  • To explore FUS-mediated microglial modulation for future therapeutic strategies in brain health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on FUS and microglial interactions.
  • Analysis of studies investigating FUS effects on microglial structure and function.
  • Examination of in vitro and in vivo data across various brain health and disease models.

Main Results:

  • FUS and FUS with microbubbles can alter microglial expression of key markers like Iba1.
  • Studies indicate FUS influences microglial phagocytosis, including amyloid-beta aggregates.
  • Observed changes in microglial cellular and molecular profiles in response to FUS treatments.

Conclusions:

  • FUS technology holds promise for modulating microglial functions in the brain.
  • Understanding FUS-microglia interactions can lead to novel therapeutic approaches for neurological disorders.
  • Targeting microglial responses with FUS may promote beneficial physiological roles and mitigate maladaptive immune responses.