Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electric Field of a Continuous Line Charge01:19

Electric Field of a Continuous Line Charge

1.6K
In physics, symmetry in a system means that something in the considered system remains unchanged due to a specific operation to which it is subjected. For example, consider a horizontal square. The square looks the same if its right and left sides are interchanged. Hence, it is symmetric under a right-left interchange.
In calculations of electric fields, symmetry is of great use. For example, while calculating electric fields of continuous charge distributions.
Consider a line element with a...
1.6K
Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations01:28

Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations

3.4K
Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
3.4K
Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

7.6K
A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
7.6K
Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

7.9K
A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
7.9K
Electric Field of Parallel Conducting Plates01:16

Electric Field of Parallel Conducting Plates

976
Gauss' law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the net charge enclosed by that surface. Gauss's law can be applied to find the electric field and the charge enclosed in a region depending on its charge distribution.
Consider a cross-section of a thin, infinite conducting plate having a positive charge. For such a large thin plate, as the thickness of the plate tends to zero, the positive charges lie on the plate's two large faces. Without an external electric...
976
Norton Equivalent Circuits01:16

Norton Equivalent Circuits

385
Norton's theorem is a fundamental concept in the field of electrical engineering that allows for the simplification of complex AC circuits. The theorem states that any two-terminal linear network can be replaced with an equivalent circuit that consists of an impedance, which is parallel with a constant current source. Figure 1 shows the AC circuit portioned into two parts: Circuit A and Circuit B, while Figure 2 depicts the circuit obtained by replacing Circuit A by its Norton equivalent...
385

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nanofluidic systems for ionic intelligence.

Nanoscale horizons·2026
Same author

Energy-efficient time series processing in real-time with fluidic iontronic memristor circuits.

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

Machine-learned many-body potentials for charged colloids reveal gas-liquid spinodal instabilities only in the strong-coupling regime of primitive models.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Optical voltammetry of redox processes inside a nanohole with opto-iontronic microscopy.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Machine learning many-body potentials for charged colloids in primitive 1:1 electrolytes.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Ion selectivity in uncharged tapered nanoslits through heterogeneous water polarization.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same journal

Nanopore sequencing with proteins: synchronization and dischronization of molecular dynamics simulations with laboratory and industrial developments.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Catanionics from biosurfactants and regular surfactants: miscibility and structure.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Adhesives with a thickness smaller than the fractocohesive length enhance adhesion.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Non-equilibrium phase transitions in hybrid Voronoi models of cell colonies.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Effects of methoxy substituents on self-assembly and gelation performance of benzamide-based organogelators.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Rheology of <i>Escherichia coli</i> suspensions with various bacterial morphologies and motion characteristics.

Soft matter·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises
13:56

Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises

Published on: January 18, 2011

22.7K

Asymmetric rectified electric fields: nonlinearities and equivalent circuits.

A Barnaveli1, R van Roij1

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, Center for Extreme Matter and Emergent Phenomena, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands. a.barnaveli@uu.nl.

Soft Matter
|January 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A steady electric field arises in electrolytes with unequal ion mobilities under oscillating voltage. This phenomenon is explained by a new equivalent electric circuit model revealing distinct cation and anion charging rates.

More Related Videos

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces
07:51

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces

Published on: February 24, 2012

24.7K
Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues
13:29

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

Published on: May 15, 2021

5.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises
13:56

Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises

Published on: January 18, 2011

22.7K
Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces
07:51

Voltage Biasing, Cyclic Voltammetry, & Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy for Neural Interfaces

Published on: February 24, 2012

24.7K
Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues
13:29

Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

Published on: May 15, 2021

5.1K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Experiments show a long-ranged steady electric field in electrolytes with unequal ion mobilities under oscillating voltage.
  • This field emerges in confined electrolytes between blocking electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the emergence of the long-ranged steady electric field.
  • To analyze numerical calculations using an equivalent electric circuit model.

Main Methods:

  • Full numerical calculations based on the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations.
  • Analytically constructed equivalent electric circuits.

Main Results:

  • The equivalent electric circuit unexpectedly contains two capacitive elements.
  • A new timescale for electrolyte dynamics is introduced.
  • The model shows good qualitative agreement with numerical results.

Conclusions:

  • The long-range steady electric field originates from differing cation and anion charging rates.
  • These differing rates affect the electric double layers within the electrolyte.