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Lidocaine Inhibits Rat Prostate Cancer Cell Invasiveness and Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Expression in Plasma
Nahit Rizaner1,2, Scott P Fraser1, Ilknur Bugan Gul3
1Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
The Journal of Membrane Biology
|January 2, 2024
Summary
Local anesthetics like lidocaine can reduce prostate cancer cell invasion by targeting voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). This study found lidocaine suppressed cancer cell metastasis without affecting viability or growth, suggesting potential clinical benefits.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Local anesthetics, particularly lidocaine, are increasingly recognized for their potential to inhibit cancer recurrence.
- This effect is linked to the suppression of cancer cell motility, which is often dependent on voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of lidocaine on cellular behaviors associated with prostate cancer metastasis.
- To determine if lidocaine affects the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells, specifically the highly metastatic Mat-LyLu cell line.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Dunning cell model of rat prostate cancer, focusing on the Mat-LyLu (highly metastatic, VGSC-expressing) and AT-2 (weakly metastatic) cell lines.
- Assessed the effects of varying lidocaine concentrations (1-500 μM) on cell viability, growth, and Matrigel invasion under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
- Measured Nav1.7 mRNA expression and VGSCα protein levels in response to hypoxia and lidocaine treatment.
Main Results:
- Lidocaine did not affect prostate cancer cell viability or growth at the tested concentrations.
- Lidocaine significantly suppressed Matrigel invasion in a dose-dependent manner in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions.
- Hypoxia increased Nav1.7 mRNA expression, while lidocaine did not alter Nav1.7 mRNA expression but suppressed VGSCα protein expression under normoxia.
Conclusions:
- Lidocaine effectively suppresses prostate cancer cell invasiveness without compromising cell viability or growth.
- These findings suggest that lidocaine, and potentially other local anesthetics, could be beneficial in preventing post-operative prostate cancer progression.
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