IL-1β and iNOS can drive the asthmatic comorbidities and decrease of lung function in perennial allergic rhinitis...

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Pediatric Allergy
• Respiratory Medicine

Background:

• Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma frequently coexist, necessitating early detection of this comorbidity.
• Identifying early indicators can facilitate timely treatment and prevent asthma progression in AR patients.
• Perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) affects children, with a subset developing asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in PAR-asthma comorbidity.
• To assess the association of IL-1β and iNOS with lung function in children with PAR.
• To explore biomarkers including IL-1β, iNOS, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in Korean children.

Main Methods:

• Analyzed a cohort of 240 Korean children (6-10 years) with PAR (PAR alone vs. PAR and asthma).
• Measured serum levels of IL-1β, CCL-24, E-cadherin, and vimentin using ELISA.
• Quantified epithelial iNOS using a NOS kit and examined blood eosinophils and IgE.

Main Results:

• Elevated serum IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin levels were significant indicators of PAR-asthma comorbidity.
• Higher concentrations of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin correlated with reduced lung function in PAR children.
• IL-1β expression related to E-cadherin, vimentin, and CCL-24; no correlation found between IL-1β and iNOS.

Conclusions:

• IL-1β and iNOS serve as potential biomarkers for PAR-asthma progression and decreased lung function.
• These biomarkers suggest possible targets for early intervention strategies in pediatric respiratory conditions.
• Prompt identification of these markers may aid in preventing asthma development in children with PAR.