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IL-1β and iNOS can drive the asthmatic comorbidities and decrease of lung function in perennial allergic rhinitis
Myung Woul Han1, Song Hee Kim2, Inbo Oh3
1Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea. brightmoon@uuh.ulsan.kr.
Insights
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) indicate asthma comorbidity in children with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). Higher levels correlate with reduced lung function, suggesting early intervention targets.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pediatric Allergy
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma frequently coexist, necessitating early detection of this comorbidity.
- Identifying early indicators can facilitate timely treatment and prevent asthma progression in AR patients.
- Perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) affects children, with a subset developing asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in PAR-asthma comorbidity.
- To assess the association of IL-1β and iNOS with lung function in children with PAR.
- To explore biomarkers including IL-1β, iNOS, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in Korean children.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed a cohort of 240 Korean children (6-10 years) with PAR (PAR alone vs. PAR and asthma).
- Measured serum levels of IL-1β, CCL-24, E-cadherin, and vimentin using ELISA.
- Quantified epithelial iNOS using a NOS kit and examined blood eosinophils and IgE.
Main Results:
- Elevated serum IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin levels were significant indicators of PAR-asthma comorbidity.
- Higher concentrations of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin correlated with reduced lung function in PAR children.
- IL-1β expression related to E-cadherin, vimentin, and CCL-24; no correlation found between IL-1β and iNOS.
Conclusions:
- IL-1β and iNOS serve as potential biomarkers for PAR-asthma progression and decreased lung function.
- These biomarkers suggest possible targets for early intervention strategies in pediatric respiratory conditions.
- Prompt identification of these markers may aid in preventing asthma development in children with PAR.
Background:
Allergic asthma and rhinitis (AR) are closely linked, with a significant proportion of AR patients developing asthma. Identification of the early signs of comorbidity of AR and asthma can enable prompt treatment and prevent asthma progression.
Objectives And Methods:
This study investigated the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the comorbidity of AR and asthma and lung function in Korean children with perennial AR (PAR). A cohort of 240 subjects (6 to 10 years old) with PAR (PAR alone: 113 children, PAR and asthma: 127 children) was analyzed for various biomarkers, including IL-1β, iNOS, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in serum. The blood levels of eosinophils and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were examined. IL-1β, CCL-24, E-cadherin, and vimentin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Epithelial iNOS was measured by the NOS kit.
Results:
Elevated levels of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin in the serum were identified as significant indicators of the likelihood of comorbidity of PAR and asthma in children. Furthermore, higher concentrations of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin have been linked to reduced lung function in PAR children. Notably, IL-1β expression shows a relationship with the levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, and CCL-24. However, no correlation was found between IL-1β and iNOS expressions.
Conclusions:
This study suggests that IL-1β and iNOS can be biomarkers in the progression of PAR and asthma and decreased lung function, suggesting potential targets for early intervention and treatment.
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