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Related Experiment Videos

Heart rate perception in the type A personality.

C A Essau, J L Jamieson

    Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Type A individuals exhibit higher heart rate increases and overestimate their arousal during stressful tasks compared to Type B individuals. This challenges the common belief that Type A personalities underestimate their physiological responses.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Behavioral Medicine

    Background:

    • The Type A behavior pattern is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
    • Understanding the physiological and self-reported arousal differences between Type A and Type B individuals is crucial for stress and health research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate heart rate (HR) estimation and actual HRs in Type A and Type B males during a stressful task.
    • To compare self-reported affective arousal between Type A and Type B individuals.
    • To examine the relationship between perceived and actual HR levels in different personality types.

    Main Methods:

    • Recruitment of 28 Type A and 28 Type B males.
    • Measurement of heart rate (HR) before, during, and after a digit recall task.

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  • Administration of the Anxiety scale of the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List (MAACL) and a self-report questionnaire for affective arousal.
  • Comparison of actual HRs with self-estimated HRs.

    • Main Results:

    • Type A individuals demonstrated significantly greater HR increases during the digit recall task compared to Type B individuals.
    • Type A individuals reported more affective reactions on a self-report questionnaire, but not on the MAACL Anxiety scale.
    • Type A individuals significantly overestimated their HRs at rest and during the digit recall task, contrary to expectations.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that Type A individuals may overestimate, rather than underestimate, their physiological arousal during stress.
    • Personality type influences both physiological responses and self-perception of arousal during stressful situations.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay between Type A behavior, stress, and self-awareness of physiological changes.