Enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution through MoS₂ quantum dots modification of bismuth-based perovskites

Efficient and cost-effective photocatalysts are pivotal for advancing large-scale solar hydrogen generation. Herein, we report a composite photocatalyst by incorporating MoS₂ quantum dots (MoS₂ QDs) as a cocatalyst into Cs₃Bi₂I₉, resulting in a high enhancement in photocatalytic performance. Remarkably, the optimum MoS₂ QDs/Cs₃Bi₂I₉ composite achieves an impressive hydrogen evolution rate (6.09 mmol h^-1 g^-1) in an ethanol and HI/H₃PO₂ mixed solution. This rate is 8.8 times higher than pristine Cs₃Bi₂I₉ (0.69 mmol h^-1 g^-1) and notably surpasses Pt/Cs₃Bi₂I₉ (2.47 mmol h^-1 g^-1). Moreover, the composite displays exceptional stability during an 18-hour reaction, showcasing its potential for sustainable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.