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Structure control and evolution of atomically precise gold clusters as heterogeneous precatalysts.

Bei Zhang¹, Chengcheng Xia¹, Jinhui Hu¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China. zmz@ahu.edu.cn.

|January 3, 2024

Summary

Atomically precise metal nanoclusters offer well-defined precursors for heterogeneous catalysts. This review explores their structural design, fabrication, and application, focusing on gold nanoclusters for enhanced catalytic performance.

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Area of Science:

Catalysis
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Metal clusters exhibit unique catalytic properties distinct from single atoms and nanoparticles.
Catalyst structure ambiguity and metal species evolution pose challenges for mechanistic studies.
Atomically precise metal nanoclusters provide well-defined pre-catalysts for heterogeneous reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in heterogeneous catalysts using atomically precise gold and alloy gold nanoclusters as precursors.
To discuss the structural design of nanoclusters and support materials for enhanced catalyst performance.
To highlight strategies for controlling structural evolution during catalyst fabrication and reaction.

Main Methods:

Summarizing recent developments in atomically precise nanocluster synthesis and characterization.
Analyzing the impact of ligand modification, support interactions, and heteroatom incorporation on nanocluster properties.
Reviewing fabrication techniques for nanocluster/support hybrids, including NCs@MOF structures.

Main Results:

Atomically precise nanoclusters enable precise control over catalyst structure and composition.
Ligand modification, support interactions, and heteroatom introduction significantly influence catalytic activity and stability.
NCs@MOF hybrids effectively prevent adverse structural evolution of nanoclusters.

Conclusions:

Atomically precise metal nanoclusters are promising precursors for advanced heterogeneous catalysts.
Understanding structure-activity relationships is crucial for designing high-performance catalysts.
Future catalyst design strategies should leverage the precise control offered by atomically precise nanoclusters.