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18F-THK5351 Positron Emission Tomography Clearly Depicted Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy after Mantle
Yuta Chiba1, Rie Kawakita1, Katsuya Mitamura2
1Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan.
Abstract:
An 84-year-old Japanese woman presented with left hemiplegia 8 months after completing chemotherapy for mantle cell lymphoma. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a hyperintense lesion extending from the right parietal lobe to the left parietal lobe. Compared with these MRI results, 18F-THK5351 PET revealed more extensive accumulation. A brain biopsy showed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Immunohistochemistry and John Cunningham virus (JCV) DNA-polymerase chain reaction indicated JCV infection. Therefore, a diagnosis of PML was made. 18F-THK5351 PET, indicative of activated astrocytes, clearly depicted PML lesions composed of reactive and atypical astrocytes. 18F-THK5351 PET may capture fresh progressive PML lesions better than MRI.

