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Protein supplementation: the double-edged sword.

Vishw Patel¹, Kanishk Aggarwal², Ashish Dhawan³

¹Department of Medicine, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Government Medical College, Rajkot, India.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)

|January 4, 2024

Summary

Protein supplements like whey and soy offer muscle-building benefits and can improve cardiovascular health. However, excessive intake may pose risks to kidney function, necessitating mindful consumption.

Keywords:

Dietary supplements exercise soy protein whey protein

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Area of Science:

Nutritional Science
Exercise Physiology
Human Physiology

Background:

Protein supplements are popular among athletes and fitness enthusiasts for muscle growth and recovery.
Available in various forms, these supplements impact multiple bodily systems.
Whey and soy proteins have demonstrated specific physiological effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the effects of protein supplementation on the human body.
To emphasize the impact on cardiovascular, endocrine, and renal systems.
To highlight both benefits and potential risks of protein supplements.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on protein supplementation.
Analysis of effects on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glucose levels.
Examination of renal system responses, including hyperfiltration and calcium excretion.

Main Results:

Whey protein intake correlates with lower systolic blood pressure.
Soy protein consumption is linked to reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, improved lipid profiles (lower LDL and triglycerides), and lower postprandial glucose.
Excessive protein intake can lead to hyperfiltration and increased urinary calcium excretion, potentially risking kidney health.

Conclusions:

Protein supplements offer benefits for muscle mass, recovery, and cardiovascular health.
Soy protein shows particular advantages for blood pressure and lipid management.
Caution is advised regarding excessive protein intake due to potential renal complications.